Fundamentals of computer sciences

Computer Introduction & Architecture MCQs (1–50)

1. What is a computer?

A) A machine that processes data
B) Only a calculator
C) A typewriter
D) A storage device

Answer: A

2. The term computer is derived from which word?

A) Latin
B) Greek
C) French
D) English

Answer: B

3. Which of the following is NOT a function of a computer?

A) Processing
B) Storing
C) Sleeping
D) Output

Answer: C

4. CPU stands for:

A) Central Process Unit
B) Central Processing Unit
C) Computer Processing Unit
D) Control Processing Unit

Answer: B

5. Which is the brain of the computer?

A) RAM
B) CPU
C) Monitor
D) Keyboard

Answer: B

6. Hardware refers to:

A) Programs
B) Physical components
C) Instructions
D) Data only

Answer: B

7. Software is:

A) Physical part
B) Set of programs
C) Input device
D) Output device

Answer: B

8. Which is an input device?

A) Monitor
B) Printer
C) Keyboard
D) Speaker

Answer: C

9. Which is an output device?

A) Mouse
B) Scanner
C) Monitor
D) Keyboard

Answer: C

10. Speed of computer is measured in:

A) Hertz
B) Meter
C) Volt
D) Byte

Answer: A

11. Which feature allows multitasking?

A) Speed
B) Versatility
C) Accuracy
D) Reliability

Answer: B

12. Memory stores:

A) Only programs
B) Only data
C) Data and instructions
D) Only output

Answer: C

13. RAM is:

A) Permanent
B) Volatile
C) Output device
D) Software

Answer: B

14. ROM is:

A) Volatile
B) Temporary
C) Permanent memory
D) Cache

Answer: C

15. Which memory is fastest?

A) Cache
B) RAM
C) ROM
D) Hard disk

Answer: A

16. First generation computers used:

A) Transistors
B) Vacuum tubes
C) IC
D) Microprocessors

Answer: B

17. Second generation computers used:

A) IC
B) Transistors
C) Vacuum tubes
D) AI

Answer: B

18. Third generation computers used:

A) IC
B) Transistor
C) Vacuum tube
D) AI

Answer: A

19. Fourth generation computers use:

A) Vacuum tube
B) Transistor
C) Microprocessor
D) Drum

Answer: C

20. Fifth generation computers are based on:

A) IC
B) AI
C) Transistor
D) Vacuum tube

Answer: B

21. Which is not a type of computer?

A) Micro
B) Mini
C) Mega
D) Super

Answer: C

22. Microcomputer is used for:

A) Personal use
B) Space research
C) Weather forecasting
D) Military only

Answer: A

23. Supercomputers are used for:

A) Typing
B) Games
C) Complex calculations
D) Printing

Answer: C

24. Analog computers process:

A) Numbers
B) Physical quantities
C) Text
D) Images

Answer: B

25. Digital computers process:

A) Analog signals
B) Physical signals
C) Binary data
D) Temperature

Answer: C

26. Hybrid computers combine:

A) Hardware + Software
B) Analog + Digital
C) Input + Output
D) RAM + ROM

Answer: B

27. ALU performs:

A) Storage
B) Arithmetic & Logic
C) Input
D) Output

Answer: B

28. CU stands for:

A) Control Unit
B) Central Unit
C) Compute Unit
D) Core Unit

Answer: A

29. Which device stores data permanently?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) Hard Disk
D) Register

Answer: C

30. Input-output devices are called:

A) Software
B) Peripherals
C) CPU
D) Memory

Answer: B

31. Scanner is:

A) Output
B) Input
C) Storage
D) CPU

Answer: B

32. Printer is:

A) Input
B) Output
C) CPU
D) Memory

Answer: B

33. Which is both input and output?

A) Keyboard
B) Monitor
C) Touchscreen
D) Mouse

Answer: C

34. Operating System is:

A) Hardware
B) System software
C) Application software
D) Device

Answer: B

35. OS acts as:

A) Translator
B) Interface
C) Compiler
D) Hardware

Answer: B

36. Main memory is:

A) Secondary
B) Primary
C) External
D) Cache

Answer: B

37. Secondary memory is:

A) Volatile
B) Temporary
C) Permanent
D) Register

Answer: C

38. Byte consists of:

A) 4 bits
B) 8 bits
C) 16 bits
D) 2 bits

Answer: B

39. 1 KB =

A) 1000 bytes
B) 1024 bytes
C) 512 bytes
D) 2048 bytes

Answer: B

40. Which is fastest memory?

A) Hard disk
B) RAM
C) Cache
D) DVD

Answer: C

41. Motherboard connects:

A) Only CPU
B) All components
C) Only RAM
D) Only storage

Answer: B

42. BIOS is stored in:

A) RAM
B) ROM
C) Cache
D) HDD

Answer: B

43. Which is NOT hardware?

A) CPU
B) Monitor
C) Software
D) Keyboard

Answer: C

44. Which is system software?

A) MS Word
B) Windows
C) Excel
D) PowerPoint

Answer: B

45. Application software is used for:

A) System control
B) User tasks
C) Hardware control
D) Booting

Answer: B

46. Example of application software:

A) OS
B) Compiler
C) MS Word
D) BIOS

Answer: C

47. Computer accuracy depends on:

A) CPU
B) Input data
C) Memory
D) Monitor

Answer: B

48. Which device is used for voice input?

A) Speaker
B) Microphone
C) Monitor
D) Printer

Answer: B

49. Which performs logical operations?

A) CU
B) ALU
C) RAM
D) ROM

Answer: B

50. Computer works on:

A) Decimal system
B) Binary system
C) Octal
D) Hexadecimal

Answer: B

MCQs (51–100)

51. Which device converts digital data into human-readable form?

A) Input device
B) Output device
C) CPU
D) RAM

Answer: B

52. Which is NOT an input device?

A) Keyboard
B) Mouse
C) Monitor
D) Scanner

Answer: C

53. Which is NOT an output device?

A) Printer
B) Speaker
C) Scanner
D) Monitor

Answer: C

54. Which unit controls all operations of computer?

A) ALU
B) CU
C) RAM
D) ROM

Answer: B

55. Registers are part of:

A) Memory
B) CPU
C) Hard disk
D) Input unit

Answer: B

56. Which performs addition and subtraction?

A) CU
B) ALU
C) RAM
D) Monitor

Answer: B

57. Cache memory is:

A) Slow
B) Secondary
C) High-speed
D) External

Answer: C

58. Cache memory is located:

A) Outside CPU
B) Near CPU
C) In hard disk
D) In monitor

Answer: B

59. Which memory is temporary?

A) ROM
B) RAM
C) Hard disk
D) DVD

Answer: B

60. ROM is used for:

A) Temporary storage
B) Permanent instructions
C) Output
D) Input

Answer: B

61. Which is non-volatile memory?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) ROM
D) Register

Answer: C

62. Secondary memory is also called:

A) Main memory
B) External memory
C) Cache
D) Primary memory

Answer: B

63. Which is slower than RAM?

A) Cache
B) Register
C) Hard disk
D) ALU

Answer: C

64. Which device stores data permanently?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) Hard disk
D) Register

Answer: C

65. 1 MB =

A) 1024 KB
B) 1000 KB
C) 512 KB
D) 2048 KB

Answer: A

66. Which is smallest unit?

A) Byte
B) Bit
C) KB
D) MB

Answer: B

67. Input device for images:

A) Printer
B) Scanner
C) Monitor
D) Speaker

Answer: B

68. Output device for sound:

A) Microphone
B) Speaker
C) Scanner
D) Keyboard

Answer: B

69. Touchscreen is:

A) Input
B) Output
C) Both
D) None

Answer: C

70. USB drive is:

A) Only input
B) Only output
C) Both input/output
D) CPU

Answer: C

71. Which is NOT storage device?

A) Hard disk
B) CD
C) RAM
D) Mouse

Answer: D

72. Which controls input/output devices?

A) ALU
B) CU
C) RAM
D) Monitor

Answer: B

73. Which is system software?

A) Word
B) Excel
C) OS
D) PowerPoint

Answer: C

74. Which is application software?

A) OS
B) Compiler
C) Excel
D) BIOS

Answer: C

75. Firmware is:

A) Hardware
B) Software in ROM
C) Input device
D) Output device

Answer: B

76. Humanware refers to:

A) Software
B) Hardware
C) Users
D) CPU

Answer: C

77. Which performs logical comparisons?

A) CU
B) ALU
C) RAM
D) ROM

Answer: B

78. Which memory is closest to CPU?

A) Hard disk
B) Cache
C) DVD
D) Pen drive

Answer: B

79. Which is volatile?

A) ROM
B) RAM
C) HDD
D) DVD

Answer: B

80. Which is permanent memory?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) ROM
D) Register

Answer: C

81. Computer works on:

A) Decimal
B) Binary
C) Octal
D) Hexa

Answer: B

82. Which is NOT I/O device?

A) USB
B) Touchscreen
C) CPU
D) Modem

Answer: C

83. Which is fastest?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) HDD
D) DVD

Answer: B

84. Which stores BIOS?

A) RAM
B) ROM
C) HDD
D) Cache

Answer: B

85. Which device connects all components?

A) CPU
B) Motherboard
C) RAM
D) Monitor

Answer: B

86. Which is fastest memory?

A) Register
B) RAM
C) HDD
D) DVD

Answer: A

87. Which is NOT primary memory?

A) RAM
B) ROM
C) Cache
D) Hard disk

Answer: D

88. Which is backup memory?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) Secondary memory
D) Register

Answer: C

89. Which memory loses data when power off?

A) ROM
B) RAM
C) HDD
D) DVD

Answer: B

90. Which memory retains data?

A) RAM
B) ROM
C) Cache
D) Register

Answer: B

91. Which is example of storage device?

A) Monitor
B) Printer
C) Hard disk
D) Keyboard

Answer: C

92. Which is input device?

A) Speaker
B) Scanner
C) Monitor
D) Printer

Answer: B

93. Which is output device?

A) Keyboard
B) Mouse
C) Printer
D) Scanner

Answer: C

94. Which is system software?

A) Word
B) Excel
C) OS
D) Paint

Answer: C

95. Which is application software?

A) OS
B) Compiler
C) MS Word
D) BIOS

Answer: C

96. Which is hardware?

A) OS
B) Monitor
C) Word
D) Excel

Answer: B

97. Which is software?

A) Keyboard
B) Mouse
C) CPU
D) OS

Answer: D

98. Which device displays output?

A) Keyboard
B) Monitor
C) Mouse
D) Scanner

Answer: B

99. Which unit executes instructions?

A) CU
B) ALU
C) CPU
D) RAM

Answer: C

100. Which is part of CPU?

A) Monitor
B) Printer
C) ALU
D) Scanner

Answer: C

MCQs (101–150)

101. Which operation is NOT performed by ALU?

A) Addition
B) Subtraction
C) Storage
D) Comparison

Answer: C

102. CU mainly controls:

A) Arithmetic operations
B) Data storage
C) All operations of computer
D) Input only

Answer: C

103. Which memory is most expensive?

A) RAM
B) Hard disk
C) Cache
D) DVD

Answer: C

104. Which memory acts as buffer between CPU and main memory?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) ROM
D) HDD

Answer: B

105. Which stores frequently used data?

A) Hard disk
B) Cache memory
C) DVD
D) Pen drive

Answer: B

106. Which is volatile memory?

A) ROM
B) EEPROM
C) RAM
D) DVD

Answer: C

107. Which is non-volatile memory?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) ROM
D) Register

Answer: C

108. Which memory is fastest?

A) Register
B) RAM
C) HDD
D) DVD

Answer: A

109. Registers are used for:

A) Permanent storage
B) Temporary storage
C) Backup storage
D) Output

Answer: B

110. Which is NOT a type of ROM?

A) PROM
B) EPROM
C) EEPROM
D) SRAM

Answer: D

111. Which is type of RAM?

A) DRAM
B) PROM
C) EPROM
D) EEPROM

Answer: A

112. Which is NOT primary memory?

A) RAM
B) ROM
C) Cache
D) CD

Answer: D

113. Which is secondary memory?

A) Cache
B) RAM
C) Hard disk
D) Register

Answer: C

114. Which is magnetic storage?

A) DVD
B) Hard disk
C) Pen drive
D) RAM

Answer: B

115. Which is optical storage?

A) Hard disk
B) DVD
C) RAM
D) Cache

Answer: B

116. Which is NOT optical device?

A) CD
B) DVD
C) Hard disk
D) Blu-ray

Answer: C

117. Which device reads barcode?

A) Scanner
B) Barcode reader
C) Printer
D) Monitor

Answer: B

118. Which is used in banks for cheques?

A) OCR
B) MICR
C) OMR
D) Scanner

Answer: B

119. OCR stands for:

A) Optical Code Reader
B) Optical Character Recognition
C) Output Code Reader
D) Optical Control Reader

Answer: B

120. OMR is used for:

A) Reading text
B) Reading marks
C) Printing
D) Storage

Answer: B

121. Which is pointing device?

A) Keyboard
B) Mouse
C) Printer
D) Monitor

Answer: B

122. Joystick is used for:

A) Typing
B) Gaming
C) Printing
D) Storage

Answer: B

123. Webcam is used for:

A) Audio
B) Video capture
C) Printing
D) Storage

Answer: B

124. Which is output device?

A) Microphone
B) Speaker
C) Scanner
D) Mouse

Answer: B

125. Which is NOT output device?

A) Printer
B) Monitor
C) Speaker
D) Keyboard

Answer: D

126. Which software controls hardware?

A) Application
B) System software
C) Utility
D) Word

Answer: B

127. OS is:

A) Hardware
B) Interface
C) Device
D) Memory

Answer: B

128. Which manages files?

A) OS
B) CPU
C) RAM
D) ALU

Answer: A

129. Which manages processes?

A) OS
B) Monitor
C) Printer
D) Scanner

Answer: A

130. Which manages memory?

A) OS
B) CPU
C) ALU
D) Register

Answer: A

131. Which is NOT OS function?

A) Memory management
B) File management
C) Cooking food
D) Process management

Answer: C

132. Which OS is popular?

A) Windows
B) Printer
C) Scanner
D) Mouse

Answer: A

133. Linux is:

A) Hardware
B) OS
C) Input device
D) Output device

Answer: B

134. Which manages devices?

A) OS
B) RAM
C) ALU
D) Cache

Answer: A

135. Which is NOT application software?

A) Word
B) Excel
C) OS
D) PowerPoint

Answer: C

136. Which is example of OS?

A) Excel
B) Word
C) Windows
D) Paint

Answer: C

137. Which is NOT hardware?

A) CPU
B) Monitor
C) OS
D) Keyboard

Answer: C

138. Which is software?

A) Mouse
B) Printer
C) OS
D) Monitor

Answer: C

139. Which stores data?

A) Monitor
B) Printer
C) Memory
D) Keyboard

Answer: C

140. Which executes program?

A) CPU
B) RAM
C) ROM
D) HDD

Answer: A

141. Which is smallest unit?

A) Byte
B) Bit
C) KB
D) MB

Answer: B

142. Which is 8 bits?

A) Byte
B) Bit
C) KB
D) MB

Answer: A

143. Which is 1024 bytes?

A) MB
B) GB
C) KB
D) TB

Answer: C

144. Which is 1024 KB?

A) MB
B) GB
C) TB
D) Byte

Answer: A

145. Which is NOT memory?

A) RAM
B) ROM
C) CPU
D) Cache

Answer: C

146. Which is processing unit?

A) CPU
B) RAM
C) Monitor
D) Keyboard

Answer: A

147. Which is output unit?

A) Monitor
B) Mouse
C) Keyboard
D) Scanner

Answer: A

148. Which is input unit?

A) Printer
B) Speaker
C) Keyboard
D) Monitor

Answer: C

149. Which is storage unit?

A) CPU
B) Memory
C) Monitor
D) Keyboard

Answer: B

150. Computer architecture includes:

A) Only CPU
B) CPU, I/O, Memory
C) Only RAM
D) Only output

Answer: B

MCQs (151–200)

151. Which part interprets instructions?

A) ALU
B) CU
C) RAM
D) Monitor

Answer: B

152. Which performs decision making?

A) CU
B) ALU
C) RAM
D) HDD

Answer: B

153. Which part executes instructions?

A) CPU
B) RAM
C) ROM
D) Monitor

Answer: A

154. Which unit transfers data between memory and registers?

A) CPU
B) CU
C) ALU
D) HDD

Answer: A

155. Which is NOT function of CPU?

A) Processing
B) Storage
C) Output control
D) Cooking

Answer: D

156. Which is fastest component?

A) Register
B) RAM
C) HDD
D) DVD

Answer: A

157. Which memory is closest to ALU?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) Register
D) HDD

Answer: C

158. Which memory has highest speed?

A) Cache
B) RAM
C) Register
D) HDD

Answer: C

159. Which memory has lowest speed?

A) Register
B) Cache
C) RAM
D) Hard disk

Answer: D

160. Which memory is used for backup?

A) RAM
B) Cache
C) Secondary memory
D) Register

Answer: C

161. Which is semiconductor memory?

A) RAM
B) Hard disk
C) DVD
D) Tape

Answer: A

162. Which is magnetic storage?

A) CD
B) DVD
C) Hard disk
D) RAM

Answer: C

163. Which is optical storage?

A) HDD
B) DVD
C) RAM
D) Cache

Answer: B

164. Which is I/O device?

A) CPU
B) Touchscreen
C) RAM
D) ROM

Answer: B

165. Which device transmits data via telephone line?

A) Printer
B) Modem
C) Monitor
D) Keyboard

Answer: B

166. Which device captures voice?

A) Speaker
B) Microphone
C) Monitor
D) Printer

Answer: B

167. Which displays video?

A) Monitor
B) Mouse
C) Keyboard
D) Scanner

Answer: A

168. Which is NOT input device?

A) Mouse
B) Scanner
C) Printer
D) Keyboard

Answer: C

169. Which is NOT output device?

A) Speaker
B) Monitor
C) Keyboard
D) Printer

Answer: C

170. Which is both input and output?

A) Printer
B) Touchscreen
C) Monitor
D) Speaker

Answer: B

171. Which software is user-oriented?

A) System software
B) Application software
C) Firmware
D) OS

Answer: B

172. Which software is hardware-oriented?

A) Application
B) System software
C) Word
D) Excel

Answer: B

173. Which is firmware?

A) OS
B) Software in ROM
C) Hardware
D) Input device

Answer: B

174. Which is humanware?

A) User
B) Software
C) Hardware
D) CPU

Answer: A

175. Which is OS function?

A) File management
B) Cooking
C) Printing manually
D) Drawing

Answer: A

176. Which manages CPU scheduling?

A) OS
B) RAM
C) Monitor
D) Printer

Answer: A

177. Which detects errors?

A) OS
B) CPU
C) RAM
D) Monitor

Answer: A

178. Which provides security?

A) OS
B) Keyboard
C) Mouse
D) Printer

Answer: A

179. Which is multitasking feature?

A) Speed
B) Versatility
C) Accuracy
D) Reliability

Answer: B

180. Which is accuracy feature?

A) Correct results
B) Speed
C) Storage
D) Input

Answer: A

181. Which stores billions of records?

A) CPU
B) Memory
C) Monitor
D) Printer

Answer: B

182. Which is reliability feature?

A) Same input same output
B) Speed
C) Storage
D) Input

Answer: A

183. Which is diligence?

A) Never tired
B) Fast
C) Storage
D) Input

Answer: A

184. Which is automation?

A) Works automatically
B) Manual work
C) Storage
D) Input

Answer: A

185. Which is versatility?

A) Multi-tasking
B) Speed
C) Accuracy
D) Storage

Answer: A

186. Which is speed?

A) Fast processing
B) Storage
C) Input
D) Output

Answer: A

187. Which is memory unit?

A) Byte
B) Meter
C) Volt
D) Second

Answer: A

188. Which is 1024 MB?

A) GB
B) TB
C) KB
D) Byte

Answer: A

189. Which is 1024 GB?

A) TB
B) MB
C) KB
D) Byte

Answer: A

190. Which is 1024 TB?

A) PB
B) GB
C) MB
D) KB

Answer: A

191. Which is 1024 PB?

A) EB
B) TB
C) GB
D) MB

Answer: A

192. Which is smallest unit?

A) Bit
B) Byte
C) KB
D) MB

Answer: A

193. Which is computer architecture?

A) CPU design
B) Logical structure
C) Software only
D) Input device

Answer: B

194. Main components of computer?

A) CPU, Memory, I/O
B) Only CPU
C) Only RAM
D) Only output

Answer: A

195. Which connects all parts?

A) Motherboard
B) CPU
C) RAM
D) Monitor

Answer: A

196. Which is backbone of computer?

A) Motherboard
B) CPU
C) RAM
D) HDD

Answer: A

197. Which stores programs?

A) Memory
B) Monitor
C) Printer
D) Keyboard

Answer: A

198. Which processes data?

A) CPU
B) RAM
C) Monitor
D) Keyboard

Answer: A

199. Which gives output?

A) Monitor
B) Keyboard
C) Mouse
D) Scanner

Answer: A

200. Which takes input?

A) Keyboard
B) Monitor
C) Printer
D) Speaker

Answer: A

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