Vitamins – Important Facts for Constable Exam
What are Vitamins?
- Vitamins are organic compounds needed in small amounts for normal growth and body functions.
- Deficiency of vitamins causes diseases.
Fat Soluble Vitamins
(Stored in body fat)
| Vitamin | Chemical Name | Deficiency Disease | Important Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin A | Retinol | Night blindness | Carrot, milk, egg, fish oil |
| Vitamin D | Calciferol | Rickets | Sunlight, fish, milk |
| Vitamin E | Tocopherol | Sterility, muscle weakness | Nuts, vegetable oils |
| Vitamin K | Phylloquinone | Blood clotting problem | Green leafy vegetables |
Important Facts
- Vitamin A helps in vision.
- Vitamin D is called Sunshine Vitamin.
- Vitamin K helps in blood clotting.
- Vitamin E is related to reproductive health.
Water Soluble Vitamins
(Not stored in body)
| Vitamin | Chemical Name | Deficiency Disease | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin B1 | Thiamine | Beriberi | Rice, cereals |
| Vitamin B2 | Riboflavin | Cracked lips, skin problems | Milk, eggs |
| Vitamin B3 | Niacin | Pellagra | Meat, fish |
| Vitamin B5 | Pantothenic acid | Fatigue | Vegetables |
| Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxine | Anemia | Banana, fish |
| Vitamin B7 | Biotin | Hair loss | Egg yolk |
| Vitamin B9 | Folic acid | Anemia | Green vegetables |
| Vitamin B12 | Cyanocobalamin | Pernicious anemia | Meat, milk |
| Vitamin C | Ascorbic acid | Scurvy | Lemon, orange |
Very Important One-Liners
- Deficiency of Vitamin A → Night blindness
- Deficiency of Vitamin B1 → Beriberi
- Deficiency of Vitamin B3 → Pellagra
- Deficiency of Vitamin C → Scurvy
- Deficiency of Vitamin D → Rickets
- Vitamin D is produced in skin by sunlight.
- Vitamin C helps in wound healing and immunity.
- Citrus fruits are rich in Vitamin C.
- Cod liver oil is rich in Vitamin A & D.
- Green leafy vegetables are rich in Vitamin K.
- Milk is a good source of Vitamin D and Calcium.
- Excess Vitamin A and D can be harmful because they are fat soluble.
Important MCQ Facts
- “Sunshine Vitamin” → Vitamin D
- Chemical name of Vitamin C → Ascorbic Acid
- Chemical name of Vitamin A → Retinol
- Chemical name of Vitamin E → Tocopherol
- Deficiency of Vitamin C causes → Scurvy
- Deficiency of Vitamin D causes → Rickets
- Blood clotting vitamin → Vitamin K
- Vitamin for eyes → Vitamin A
Trick to Remember Fat Soluble Vitamins
A, D, E, K → “ADEK”
Fat soluble = ADEK
Water soluble = B-complex + C
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Science